NOAA's plan for increasing public access to research results can be found here.
The NOAA Public Access Policy has data requirements both before and after your grant is approved.
Before: Your proposal must include a Data Management Plan (DMP), which will describe how research data will be preserved, made accessible generated by the research.
After: Your research data must be placed in a digital repository named in your DMP. NOAA has some existing and well-established data repositories which can continue to be used for NOAA data. NOAA will release a Data Management Planning Procedural Directive late in 2015.
Post from Association for Research Libraries, April; 9, 2015
From NOAA's Data Management Procedural Directive:
NOAA Administrative Order (NAO) 212‐15, Management of Environmental Data and Information, states that environmental data is to be managed based upon a lifecycle that includes developing and following a data management plan...The goal of the Data Management plan is to ensure that data are properly collected, documented, made accessible, and preserved for future use in a NOAA Data Center or other longterm archive facility.